Thursday, November 28, 2019
Lord Of The Flies Chapter 9-12 Notes Essays -
Lord of the Flies: Chapter 9-12 Notes Lord of the Flies: Chapter 9-12 Notes 1. After Simon is killed, the next paragraph begins, "The clouds open and let the rain down like a waterfall..." When the boys kill Simon they not only kill him and spirituality, but what they perceive to be the beast. Because the beast was created by them and embodied all of their evils, one of its interpretations can be as mankind's sin. Simon is very similar to Jesus in this book. The Roman's ruled the world during Jesus' life, and now a similar bloodthirsty society rules the island during Simon's life. Both are killed by such a society, and both sacrifice themselves so that mankind's sin can be forgiven. When Simon dies, the rain washes away not only spirituality, but also the beast and all of the sins that accompany it. Golding writes that the water bounded from the mountaintop. Because the mountain top represented the peak of society, this could be interpreted to state that all of society carries sin, even the glorious moments of it, and that Simon's sacrifice was extended to the boys' entire stay on the island and the sin that was committed during that period of time. This is also similar to Jesus' sacrifice that was for all of mankind's sins, not just the sins of the Roman society that killed him. After Simon has been killed, the figures stagger away. By referring to the boys as figures, they are no longer individuals, but the nameless men who are the vehicle that society uses to carry out its evil deeds. It is no longer of relevance who did what because it was the entire society that killed Simon. This can be related to other societies, such as Nazi Germany. Today Hitler is credited with most of the responsibility for World War II. We do not like to blame German society for it because that would mean that we are also capable of this if we had to endure the circumstances of 1940's Germany. We cannot blame the German race for these problems, as they are a characteristic of humanity. We fought World War II against the forces of racism, but we ourselves treated the Japanese very poorly while all of this was going on. Although we too went through the depression, we did not have the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles against us. When any society has such horrible circumstances, they tend to look for a scapegoat, such as a race of people. If Hitler did not enjoy such great public support he would not have come to power. It is also very difficult for a nation to declare war without public support. It is therefore significant that figures staggered away because it was the whole society, and not just Jack who killed Simon. It is also interesting to note that during the course of this book the boys' civilization falls from glory. They then create a beast as a scapegoat, claiming that they can no longer climb the mountain, and therefore return to the glory of their civilization because of it. When Simon dies Golding refers to him as the beast. This not only can be interpreted by the Jesus theory as stated above, but by a new theory that establishes Simon as society's scapegoat. It can also be interpreted to state that the beast is all of mankind's gifts such as spirituality, when they are suppressed and murdered by society, crippling its ability to function. When Simon is killed he lays still only a few yards from sea. It is important to know that all life originates from the sea, where it arose in primitive form. This is significant for two reasons; it tells us that spirituality is an ancient and instinctive trait of man, and that the boys society, that came away from the mountain (peak of society) and towards the ocean to kill Simon, had returned from civilization to a more primitive and savage form in doing so. Because the beast (Simon) is small, society's problem is not the beast itself, but the way it is dealt with. When Simon's blood stains the sand, his death and the savage society that killed him forever taint the island. No matter what might happen in the future, Simon will always be dead and because of the blood in the sand this cannot be forgotten. The sand and ultimately the island being stained with blood also have meaning. Because the society as inhabits the island, the island can be
Monday, November 25, 2019
Ue o Muite Arukou by Kyuu Sakamoto †Sukiyaki Song
Ue o Muite Arukou by Kyuu Sakamoto – Sukiyaki Song Listening or singing a song is a great way to learn a language. With a melody, it is easier to mimic words and sing along even you dont understand the meaning. Here is a great song called, Ue o Muite Arukou by Kyuu Sakamoto released in 1961. The title, Ue o Muite Arukou translates into, I look up when I walk. However, it is known as Sukiyaki in the United States. The title Sukiyaki was chosen because it is easier to pronounce for Americans, and it is a word that they associate with Japan. Sukiyaki is a kind of Japanese stew and has nothing to do with the song. The song topped the pop charts for three weeks in 1963. It is the only Japanese language song to hit #1 in the US. It sold over 13 million copies internationally. According to recent news, the British singer, Susan Boyle, will be covering the song as a bonus track for the Japanese version of her third album. Tragically, Sakamoto was killed when Japan Airlines Flight 123 crashed in 1985. He was 43 years old. All 15 crew and 505 out of 509 passengers died, for a total of 520 deaths and only 4 survivors. It remains the worst single airline disaster in history. Japanese Lyrics Ue o muite arukou ä ¸Å ã‚’å ‘ã „ã ¦Ã¦ ©Ã£ “ã †Namida ga koborenai youni æ ¶â„¢Ã£ Å'㠓㠼ã‚Å'㠪ã „よ㠆㠫Omoidasu haru no hi æ€ ã „å‡ ºÃ£ â„¢ æ˜ ¥Ã£ ®Ã¦â€" ¥Hitoribocchi no yoru ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£ ¼Ã£ £Ã£ ¡Ã£ ®Ã¥ ¤Å" Ue o mute aurkou ä ¸Å ã‚’å ‘ã „ã ¦Ã¦ ©Ã£ “ã †Nijinda hoshi o kazoete 㠫㠘んã 星をæ• °Ã£ ˆã ¦Omoidasu natsu no hi æ€ ã „å‡ ºÃ£ â„¢ Ã¥ ¤ 㠮æâ€" ¥Hitoribocchi no yoru ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£ ¼Ã£ £Ã£ ¡Ã£ ®Ã¥ ¤Å" Shiawase wa kumo no ue ni Ã¥ ¹ ¸Ã£ ݋ ¯ é› ²Ã£ ®Ã¤ ¸Å ã «Shiawase wa sora no ue ni Ã¥ ¹ ¸Ã£ ݋ ¯ ç © ºÃ£ ®Ã¤ ¸Å ã « Ue o muite arukou ä ¸Å ã‚’å ‘ã „ã ¦Ã¦ ©Ã£ “ã †Namida ga koborenai youni æ ¶â„¢Ã£ Å'㠓㠼ã‚Å'㠪ã „よ㠆㠫Nakinagara aruku æ ³ £Ã£ 㠪ã Å'ら æ ©Ã£ Hitoribocchi no yoru ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£ ¼Ã£ £Ã£ ¡Ã£ ®Ã¥ ¤Å"(Whistling) Omoidasu aki no hi æ€ ã „å‡ ºÃ£ â„¢ ç §â€¹Ã£ ®Ã¦â€" ¥Hitoribocchi no yoru ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£ ¼Ã£ £Ã£ ¡Ã£ ®Ã¥ ¤Å" Kanashimi wa hoshi no kage ni æ‚ ²Ã£ â€"㠿㠯星㠮å ½ ±Ã£ «Kanashimi wa tsuki no kage ni æ‚ ²Ã£ â€"㠿㠯æÅ"ˆã ®Ã¥ ½ ±Ã£ « Ue o muite arukou ä ¸Å ã‚’å ‘ã „ã ¦Ã¦ ©Ã£ “ã †Namida ga koborenai youni æ ¶â„¢Ã£ Å'㠓㠼ã‚Å'㠪ã „よ㠆㠫Nakinagara aruku æ ³ £Ã£ 㠪ã Å'ら æ ©Ã£ Hitoribocchi no yoru ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£ ¼Ã£ £Ã£ ¡Ã£ ®Ã¥ ¤Å"(Whistling) Here is the translation of the Japanese lyrics. The English version of Sukiyaki recorded by A Taste of Honey doesnt have a literal translation. English Version I look up when I walkSo that the tears wont fallRemembering those spring daysBut I am all alone tonight I look up when I walkCounting the stars with tearful eyesRemembering those summer daysBut I am all alone tonight Happiness lies beyond the cloudsHappiness lies above the sky I look up when I walkSo that the tears wont fallThough the tears well up as I walkFor tonight I am all alone(Whistling) Remembering those autumn daysBut I am all alone tonight Sadness lies in the shadow of the starsSadness lurks in the shadow of the moon I look up as I walkSo that the tears wont fallThough the tears well up as I walkFor tonight I am all alone(Whistling) Grammar Notes Muite is te-form of the verb muku (to face). The te-form is used to connect two or more verbs. In this sentence, the verbs muku and aruku are connected.Arukou is volitional form of the verb, aruku (to walk).Koborenai is the negative form of the verb, koboreru (to fall, to drop) ~ youni. ~ youni means, in order that ~. Nai youni means, in order not to ~. Here are some examples.Gakkou ni okurenai youni hayaku okiru. Ã¥ ¦Ã¦ ¡Ã£ «Ã© …ã‚Å'㠪ã „よ㠆㠫æâ€" ©Ã£ è µ ·Ã£ る。- I get up early so that Im not late for school.Kaze o hikanai youni ki o tsuketeiru. ã ‹ã Å"を㠲㠋㠪ã „よ㠆㠫æ °â€"を㠤ã ‘㠦ã „る。- Im taking care of myself so that I dont catch a cold.Nijinda is informal perfective ending for the verb, nijimu (to blot, to blur). It modifies the noun, hoshi (star). It means with teary eyes the stars looked blurry.~ nagara of nakinagara indicates that two actions are taking place simultaneously. Here are some examples.Terebi o minagara, asagohan o taberu. ãÆ'†ãÆ' ¬Ã£Æ'“ã‚’è ¦â€¹Ã£ ªÃ£ Å'ら〠æÅ" ã â€Ã£ ¯Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£â€šâ€™Ã© £Å¸Ã£ ¹Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š- I watch television while I eat breakfast.Ongaku o kikinagara, benkyou suru. éŸ ³Ã¦ ¥ ½Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¨ žã 㠪ã Å'ら〠勉å ¼ ·Ã£ ™ã‚‹ã€‚- I listen to music while I study.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Competition Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Competition Theories - Essay Example The primary role of government then is to ensure the flexibility of the market through supply-side policies. There were three main theories used to justify this - Free Market Theory, Say's Law, and the Quantity Theory of Money. In the Free Market Theory, it is assumed that if they economy were left to fend for itself, then it would tend to full employment equilibrium. For instance, in a classical scenario a surplus of labor equates into unemployment, which results in falling wages. Once wages fall, there would be an increased demand in labor, and hence equilibrium is achieved. Say's Law (named after 19th century economist Jean Baptiste Say) argues that "supply creates its own demand", and gives credence to the traditional belief that the economy will make provisions for full employment. It states that an increase in supply will always have a resulting increase in demand, and since there will be no shortage in demand jobs will always be available. Unemployment would thus be temporary as the pattern of demand adjusts itself. Lastly, the traditional view of inflation is based on the Quantity Theory of Money. Quite simply, this outlines that an increase in the money supply would lead to inflation. Thus, if the money supply could be controlled, inflation would be at a low. The Neoclassic approach to perfect competition essentially defines a competitive market as one in which there are a large number of small firms, all selling a homogenous good and possessing perfect knowledge. Using this analysis, it is the structure of the market which determines the inherent competitiveness of the market. The Austrian school of thought firmly rejects this. Hunt (2000) states that the "Austrian school's theory of competition is noted for its insistence that competition is a process, and is not a thing, place, or collective entity." (p. 26) To the Austrian economist, competition is defined by rivalrous behavior, meaning competition is simply offering better deals than the prevailing competition. Competition arises from one firm establishing a pronounced differentiator that is parlayed into a sustainable competitive advantage against other firms. Now, because firms in the real world do not have access to perfect information, the viability of a competitive strategy wou ld not be known. Ergo, if one is to assume perfect knowledge, then in essence you are placing by the wayside the pressing quagmire that competition is supposed to solve. Consumer preferences are not handed on a silver platter, by taking part in the competition process firms discover them. Likewise, the cost-effectiveness of a firm's technology is never freely provided, this is something that is learned as well. This makes the basic tenet of the Austrian theory of competition as "knowledge-discovery" - the challenge of working one's way through relatively incomplete information. In relative comparison, the Post- Keynesian theory of competition revolves around the premise of each plant being built on a scale lower than the optimum one. Soon after, the long-term average cost is prone to decrease and may lead to significantly increasing returns. Straffa (1926) put it succinctly in stating that "firms operating under perfect competition must be subject to decreasing returns of scale, and that increasing returns would only exist in the presence of a monopoly. (p. 535) The foundation of the Keynesian theory
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
The Reinvention of Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
The Reinvention of Marriage - Essay Example Marano wrote about marital therapist Liberty Kovacs' research and findings, based on theoretical bravado from group dynamics, theories of adult development, and family systems, of the six stages that marriages go through. Kovacs developed a system which tracks the paths of marital relationships as they evolve in intimacy and mutuality and finds that these paths are predictable in marriages. The six stages are highly distinct and marriages do not necessarily move from one stage to the next in an orderly fashion. A marriage may be stuck in one stage for years or it may go back to another stage. Instead of progressing in a linear pattern, the stages move in a circular pattern. The six stages include: Stage One-Romance (Honeymoon) Fusion; Stage Two-Expectations Compromise; Stage Three-Power Struggle; Stage Four-Seven-Year Itch Competition; Stage Five-Reconciliation Cooperation; Stage Six-Acceptance Collaboration. Being able to look at marriage as a predictable pattern, which involves phases that couples go through, helps couples to be aware of what they are going through and how to deal with them. The knowledge that these phases are part of what marriages go through helps couples to know that this is a natural cyclic process and that they are not alone as all marriages go through these stages in time, as research has discovered. ... Being aware of the stages of marriage allows a couple to customize and design a marriage that will help them work through the six stages then instead of trial and error attempts at a guessing game, there is a more tried and true approach. Couples are able to view the blueprint as they are aware of the stages and can customize the path/solution to take. A strong marriage does not happen overnight and instant gratification should not be what one looks for. Poor conflict management is the key in developing a healthy marriage as it moves through the stages. The art of arguing, as Kovacs calls it, is learning how to communicate effectively and to learn the skills of problem solving. It is important that men and women understand their differences in how they handle conflict and experience pain. By understanding each other's points of view and natural way of responding, conflict management and problem solving can be more easily accomplished. Along with better conflict management methods "th e positive affect", or the expression of affection, must also be incorporated. A sense of humor, empathy, agreement, and other positive actions are aspects of "the positive affect" which shows expressions of affection. This article is relevant to psychology because as the "Elmer" Social Science Dictionary (2003) defines the word psychology, it deals with the "Scientific study of human behavior, mental processes, and how they are affected and/or affect an individuals or group's physical state, mental state, and external environment. Its goal is to describe, understand, predict, and modify behavior." The findings of this article and the research that was conducted can be applied toward not only marriages but basically, any
Monday, November 18, 2019
Women's Liberation and Sixties Radicalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Women's Liberation and Sixties Radicalism - Essay Example The essay "Women's Liberation and Sixties Radicalism" presents the analysis of the paper "Nothing Distant About It: Women's liberation and Sixties Radicalism" written by Alice Echols which revolves around the liberation of women in the 1960s and the reasons behind it. It begins with the boycott on the Miss America Pageant and the different ways used by the female demonstrators to interrupt the on-goings of the show. It then speaks of the adversity that met these women as they continue to show their aggravated sentiment. Not only are they taunted and jeered at by men but their popularity is also compared to the â€Å"anti-war†movement. The latter bit of the essay goes on to talk about the cultivating factors behind the movement. This included the women’s taste of social and economic freedom. The new labor force shifted the need from labor to services, which could be easily accommodated by the new college-educated females. Also, the financial needs of the house had incre ased with the introduction of technology and one earner could no longer fulfill the needs of the entire family. Echols then gives the main reason behind the success of the feminist movement: the presence of other oppositional movements. Along with this was the women’s ability to incorporate Marxist and other ideologies to better understand their own oppression. A brief tussle with NOW (National Organization for Women) over the introduction of personal life into the public sphere separated the feminists from the liberationists of NOW.
Friday, November 15, 2019
What Are Smart Meters Information Technology Essay
What Are Smart Meters Information Technology Essay The aim of this research project is to give a critical review of the smart metering system. Climate change needs to be tackled and one of the possible solutions is the smart metering system, as it allows users to monitor and reduce their energy usage. This report will look at the past metering systems and their problems, the present metering systems and how they can be improved for future metering systems. The project will try to analyse the current issues like costs and how these can be reduced. Introduction Over The last decade, businesses have been increasingly talking about smart technology. Mercedes, for example, developed the Smart Car; there is the concept of Smart Money, and nowadays almost everybody is carrying the latest technology with Smart Phones. The utility industry is also taking part in this wave of Smart concepts, with the development of Smart Meters, which is fast becoming a topic which promotes various discussions on Smart Grids. Smart metering is a topic which has been getting a lot of coverage in the media and amongst many of the Engineering institutes. It is a topic which promises many benefits, both to customers, utility companies and the environment. Global warming and climate change are topics that, at the present date, we are seeing regularly on the news and in newspapers. It is a topic which has become the norm for discussions and debates. Global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gasses resulting from human activity such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. There are a number of ways we can fight climate change as individuals. One of the best ways is to reduce the unnecessary consumption of energy from goods and services in all aspects of life. This could be anything from driving on short trips to the shops, to taking several holidays a year on aeroplanes. There are alternative methods to these actions for example, walking or cycling to the shops. Concerns about the greenhouse effect, global warming, air pollution and energy security has resulted in increased public and government interest in the development of renewable energy sources. Many people are unaware of the amount of energy that they are using unnecessarily around the house or at work, and are unaware of the consequences it is having on the environment. The present financial economy is also posing a problem and more people are realising how important it is to save money. People are trying to save money in all aspects of life including on their energy bills but are unaware of how much energy they are consuming. Allowing customers to be aware of the amount of energy they are using makes a very big difference to our overall energy consumption. If we are aware of how much energy we are using, basic changes in our lifestyle will help to reduce this level of consumption, for example, ensuring all lights are switched off when leaving a room, switching off electrical devices over night rather than leaving them on standby. A solution is needed that will allow us to minimize the amount of energy we use in our day to day activities without changing our lifestyles dramatically. This is where the smart metering system comes in. Brief Overview of Smart Meters and Smart Metering 2.01 What are Smart Meters? Smart meters are the next generation of gas and electricity meters. They collect information about your energy use electronically.[1] [1] http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk (visit date: 18/11/09) Smart meters are digital meters which collect, store, and display information with regards to the energy usage. The digital meter can communicate between utilities to control the energy usage in a house or a business. This information is available to both the supplier of energy and the customer. It displays real-time information of not only the energy usage but also the tariffs. The smart meter will allow customers to control the amount of energy they use. 2.02 What is Smart metering? Smart Metering electronic remote, real time monitoring or collection of usage data is achieved by the use of communications enabled utilities meters.[2] [2] http://www.beamaenergy.org.uk (visit date: 18/11/09) BEAMAEnergy, the UK trade association group for the controls, metering and energy related communications industries, define smart metering as the statement shown above. From this statement we can determine that the term smart metering is given to a metering system which communicates wirelessly between utilities and a Smart meter, to determine the amount of energy being used. Figure 1: Smart Metering System Figure 1 above shows a smart metering system. It consists of a sensor which is connected to the meter. Figure 1 shows an electricity meter, but this could be a gas meter or even a water meter. The sensor picks up the usage data and sends this information to the portable display unit, or the smart meter, via a transmitter. There are three concepts relating to the collection of the data in the smart metering system, AMR, AMM and AMI. Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) is a remote reading system based on advanced technologies which allow utilities to read electronic meters over long distances. Through AMR, the energy consumption can be read on an annual, monthly, weekly, daily or on an hourly basis. Consumption and status data, such as time stamps, are through various connection media being transmitted to a central system for billing and analysis. The automatic data collection enables billing based on real time consumption as opposed to an estimated consumption. Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) refers to systems that measure, read and analyse energy consumption. These systems are also able to read electricity, gas, heat and water meters remotely. AMI systems can be defined as an extension of the simpler AMR-system. The AMI always communicates two-way and comprises the whole range of metering devices, software, communication media, and data management systems. Automated Meter Management (AMM) or Smart Metering is another expansion of a remote reading system that includes the possibility of performing technical measurements and functions and carrying out customer-orientated services via the system. [3] [3] http://www.thegreendifference.info/12792/AMR%2C-AMM%2C-AMI (Visit date: 21/11/09) In order to fully understand the smart metering systems and its benefits, we were required to investigate the energy management systems of the past, identify its problems and what properties does smart metering have that overcome these problems. Past Energy Management Systems Mechanical What was it? Advantages? Disadvantages? Problems? How has it developed over the years? 4.0 Present Energy Management Systems Digital The current system in place, or which is currently being implemented is the Smart Metering system. It involves the installation of a digital meter at both residential and business customers, and the reading, processing and feedback of energy consumption data to the customer. The smart meter has the following capabilities: Real-time or near-time registration of energy usage and locally generated energy Smart meter -how does it work? PLC 4.1 Delivery Models There are three delivery models that are being considered for the arrangement of responsibilities for smart metering and related communications services. These options were given a full analysis for the Government by Baringa Partners. On the basis of the analysis, the Governments preferred method is a model which: Gas and electricity supply companies will have responsibility for the provision of smart meters; and A single provider will be appointed centrally to provide communications services to and from meters. 4.11 Competitive Model The competitive model is based on the existing metering market model, where electricity and gas suppliers are free to determine their own deployment strategy, choose the metering services they require and have the ability to contract the management of such services. Suppliers would remain responsible for all other metering services. 4.12 Central Communications Model This option would introduce a new market function to implement and manage communication infrastructure and data carriage, whilst maintaining metering competition. The communications provider would be organised on a national basis. All suppliers would be obliged to use the central communication function via licence conditions. Suppliers would also remain responsible for all other metering services. 4.13 Fully Centralised Model This option would introduce regional franchises to manage meter asset selection, ownership, deployment and maintenance, via a time based competitive franchise or licence awarded under competition. Communications services would be managed centrally as under the previous option. Predicted Costs for Each Model Current Projects around the world (what have the results shown in each project, their standards etc) Advantages of smart metering Disadvantages of smart metering Security (General security, i.e. environmental effects, wireless vs wired; cyber security) Case Study? UK Energy companys analysis on implementing smart metering 5.0 Future Prospects? Intelligent home Intelligent Meter 6.0 Conclusion
Wednesday, November 13, 2019
Self Interest in the Political Philosophies of Mill and Locke Essay
Charles Baudelaire, a well-known English poet, once said that â€Å"Nature... is nothing but the inner voice of self-interest.†The philosophical theme of self-interest has been a common idea among political thinkers for many years. In any issue that is linked to the realm of political philosophy, the role of self-interest within a society must be considered. The role of self-interest within a society is the basis for the moral thinking that involves weighing the â€Å"needs and obligations of an individual against the goods of the individual and in turn society†(The Role of Self interest in Political Philosophy). Before confronting an issue within a society, a political thinker must decide whether or not people are ultimately self-interested. The government system of checks and balances was established to confront the issue of self-interest. The political thinkers, John Stuart Mill and John Locke unveiled the mysteries of what it meant to live in freedom and posses s liberty, in which the self-interest of humanity does not impose on the rights of others. Both Locke and Mills believed that in order to govern over a society, people must have freedom. The difference between these political thinkers lies in how much freedom people should be entitled to within a political society. In order to understand how Mill and Locke came to the conclusion of how much freedom a person should possess, we must understand what a political thinker perceives as freedom and liberty. In John Locke’s writings, The Second Treaties of Government, he states that â€Å"all men exist in a state of perfect freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possessions and person as they think fit, within the bounds of the law of nature, without asking leave or depend... ... Cited "Charles Baudelaire Quotes - BrainyQuote." Famous Quotes at BrainyQuote. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. . "Excerpts from John Stuart Mill, ON LIBERTY." Ashland University. Web. 05 Dec. 2011. . "John Locke: Second Treatise of Civil Government." Index. Web. 04 Dec. 2011. . "Lanterns of Liberty." Lanterns of Liberty | Illuminating the Truth. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. . "On Liberty by John Stuart Mill." Utilitarianism : Past, Present and Future. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. . Social Apartheid in Tri-Cities Bristol Virginia-Tennessee. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. . Web.
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